Anal Fistula Surgery – An Effective Solution to Pain and Discomfort

An anal fistula is a chronic infection that occurs as a result of repeated anal abscesses. Bacterial infections lead to the formation of ducts between the anus and the skin around it, which can cause pain, discharge and recurring inflammation. If not treated in time, the fistula can expand and create complex networks of channels that significantly impair the quality of life.

At Lohuis Filipović Polyclinic , we use modern treatment methods, including minimally invasive surgical techniques and laser methods that ensure faster recovery and a lower risk of complications.

How does an anal fistula occur?

The development of an anal fistula goes through four stages:

• Anal gland infection – The glands inside the anus produce mucus that helps with bowel movements. Their infection can lead to inflammation.
• Abscess formation – A bacterial infection causes pus to build up, resulting in painful swelling.
• Breakthrough of the abscess – If the abscess breaks, it can break through the anal tissue and create a channel towards the skin.
• Fistula formation – The duct becomes a permanent connection between the rectum and skin, causing discharge and discomfort.

If left untreated, the fistula can lead to repeated infections, scarring, and the further spread of inflammatory processes.

Symptoms of anal fistula

An anal fistula can be recognized by the following symptoms:

Irritation of the skin around the anus – Redness, itching, and tenderness may indicate the presence of a fistula.
Leakage of pus or secretions – Constant discharge with an unpleasant odor is often a sign of a fistula.
Pain during bowel movements – A burning sensation and discomfort during and after bowel movements.
Recurrent inflammation and swelling – Frequent abscesses and pain can signal a chronic problem.

If you notice any of these symptoms, we recommend a timely examination to prevent further complications.

When is it necessary to perform anal fistula surgery?

The only effective treatment for anal fistula is surgery. Conservative treatment, such as antibiotics or anti-inflammatory creams, can temporarily relieve symptoms, but they do not solve the problem permanently.

Surgery is necessary in the following situations:

If the fistula recurs despite previous treatments.
If it causes constant pain or makes bowel movements difficult.
If it expands and forms additional channels.
If there is a risk of further infections and complications.

At the Lohuis Filipović Polyclinic , we use minimally invasive methods that ensure faster recovery and reduce the risk of damage to the anal sphincter.

What does the preparation for anal fistula surgery look like?

Before the operation, the patient undergoes a detailed examination and consultation, including:

Clinical examination of the anal region
Ultrasound or MRI diagnostics (if necessary)
Recommendations on nutrition and bowel preparation before the procedure

Patients are advised to:

• Consumption of light meals the day before surgery.
• Use of mild laxatives to ensure bowel movements.
• Arrival on an empty stomach on the day of surgery.

Our team will provide you with detailed instructions on how to prepare, so that the whole process goes as comfortably and safely as possible.

How is anal fistula surgery performed?

Anal fistula surgery can be performed in two ways, depending on its complexity and location in relation to the anal sphincter.

1. Thread drainage (Seton technique)

It is used for minor fistulas that do not affect the sphincter. A medical suture is placed, which gradually allows the fistula to close while preserving muscle function.

2. Laser method (FiLaC – Fistula Laser Closure)

The most advanced technique that uses laser energy to close the fistulous canal.

Minimally invasive procedure – no large incisions
Lower risk of sphincter
damage Faster recovery and lower risk of reinfection

The laser method ensures precise closure of the fistula, reducing the need for long-term recovery.

Recovery after anal fistula surgery

Most patients can return to daily activities 2-4 days after the procedure.

Recommendations for a faster recovery:

Proper nutrition – Fiber intake helps regulate digestion and facilitates bowel movements.
Sufficient fluid intake – Prevents constipation and facilitates healing.
Regular hygiene of the anal area – Maintaining cleanliness reduces the risk of infections.
Don’t delay bowel movements – Straining can slow down recovery.

Mild discomfort during the first few days is normal, but our doctors ensure continuous support and follow-up to make recovery as easy as possible.

Make an appointment for an examination

At the Lohuis Filipović Polyclinic , we have gathered an experienced team of proctologists who use the most modern methods for the diagnosis and treatment of anal fistulas.

✔ Minimally invasive procedures
✔ Laser techniques for faster recovery
✔ Individual approach to each patient

📞 Call us at: +3851 2444 646
📍 Address: Trg Johna Fitzgeralda Kennedya 6b, Zagreb
🌐 Make an appointment online via the web form

Do not delay treatment – solve the problem of anal fistula in time and return to daily activities without pain and discomfort.

Your experts

The main goal of LF Polyclinic is to improve the quality of life and health of our clients by providing them with top-notch healthcare services.

Dr.sc. Josip Baković, dr.med.

specialist in general surgery, subspecialist in abdominal and oncological surgery

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