Diagnostic Tool and Therapeutic Intervention in the Prevention of Cervical Cancer
Conization is a surgical procedure that is often used in gynecology to diagnose and treat various cervical conditions.
This procedure, also called cervix conization or cervical conization, aims to remove part of the tissue from the cervical canal for analysis or removal of abnormal cells.
Classic conization is a procedure during which a deeper section of the cervix in the shape of a cone is taken, and the described sample is sent for histopathological processing. It is usually done after an abnormal Pap test.
Conization as a therapeutic method is extremely successful. According to research, the success rate of the procedure is higher than 98%, while side effects are relatively rare.
Classic conization involves the removal of tissue with a precise surgical knife or scalpel. This is sometimes called surgical conization. The procedure can also be performed with a laser or using a metal loop and a high-frequency current, the so-called LLETZ method.
Conization is often used as a diagnostic tool to evaluate abnormal changes in the cervix, especially when suspicious or precancerous conditions are present.
The tissue sample that is removed during conization is examined in detail during histopathological analysis to confirm the presence of abnormal cells.
In addition to the diagnostic purpose, classical conization can be a therapeutic option for the removal of precancerous or cancerous changes. Removing damaged or abnormal tissue can prevent further development of cervical cancer.
The main goal of classical conization is to remove the area of tissue that contains abnormal cells. This procedure reduces the risk of progression of precancerous changes into cancer.
Conization is also carried out for the purpose of estimating the depth and breadth of changes. It allows surgeons to assess the depth and breadth of abnormal changes in the cervix. This information is crucial for planning further treatment and monitoring the patient.
It also contributes to the preservation of healthy uterine tissue. The surgical procedure is performed in a way that allows only the affected area to be removed, while healthy cervical tissue is preserved as much as possible.
Conization is performed precisely and carefully in order to preserve reproductive function to the greatest extent possible.
Conization is indicated if the results of a Pap test or colposcopy indicate the presence of dysplasia – changes in the cells of the cervix that have the potential to become malignant.
If the cervical biopsy does not reveal the origin of the abnormal cells observed in the Pap test, the doctor may recommend conization as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure.
For patients with abnormal changes in the cervix, conization is a good option due to its excellent therapeutic effect and ability to preserve reproductive function.
Advantages of conization:
Before the conization procedure, it is necessary to consult with the surgeon. Given that conization is performed under general anesthesia, it is also necessary to consult an anesthesiologist.
The anesthesiologist will refer you to the necessary tests, such as blood tests and electrocardiograms. If necessary, the doctor will recommend stopping certain medications that may increase the risk of side effects after the procedure or affect healing.
Upon admission to the polyclinic, our medical staff will escort you to your room. The surgeon will then talk to you once again about the procedure itself and answer all your questions. Then the anesthesiologist will administer general anesthesia.
During conization, the surgeon cuts a part of the cervix in the shape of a cone/cone with a special, precise knife.
The depth and width of the cone is determined by age, the desire for further birth, that is, the extent of abnormal changes.
The operation ends with burning (electrocautery) of the wound surface to stop the bleeding, or placing stitches if the previous method does not stop the bleeding.
If the stitches are placed, they do not need to be removed since they dissolve on their own after the wound heals. The doctor may place a long gauze in the vagina after the procedure, which is usually removed in the evening or the next morning.
The tissue sample obtained during the conization procedure is sent for histopathological analysis.
The stay in the polyclinic after the conization procedure lasts up to 1 day. Immediately after the procedure, you will be supervised by our professional medical staff. Once your good condition has been confirmed by your surgeon, you will be discharged for home care.
In the next few days, there is a possibility of menstrual-like pain that can be relieved with painkillers.
It is necessary to use pads for increased discharge a few days after the procedure. It is necessary to avoid tampons and sexual intercourse for 4 weeks.
After conization, it is necessary to perform regular check-ups as recommended by our doctor to ensure that all abnormalities are completely removed and do not reappear.
In most cases, conization is a successful procedure that can prevent the progression of precancerous changes and preserve cervical health.
After the conization procedure, recovery is usually relatively quick and painless, it is important to follow the guidelines you will receive when you are discharged from the clinic to ensure complete healing and minimize the risk of complications.
Generally speaking, after conization, recovery usually takes a few weeks, during which you will gradually return to normal activities.
The first few days immediately after conization require rest and avoidance of exertion. This helps the body recover and reduces the risk of complications such as bleeding.
It is also necessary to avoid lifting heavy objects and any activities that could cause pressure or trauma to the cervical area.
During recovery after conization, it is recommended to use hygiene products such as soft menstrual bleeding pads instead of tampons. This will reduce discomfort and the risk of infection.
Any symptoms of bleeding, pain, or discomfort should be monitored during recovery. If you notice unusual symptoms such as heavy bleeding, fever or intense pain, you should contact your gynecologist immediately.
The possible risks after the classical conization procedure are minimal, in most cases the procedure is successful without unwanted side effects.
There are common risks associated with the use of general anesthesia, and the risk of infection. By carefully following the doctor’s instructions, the possibility of side effects is minimized.
Generally speaking, we distinguish between early and late conization risks. Early risks include heavy bleeding after the procedure, infection, and soreness.
The pain usually occurs a short time after the procedure and goes away in a few days. Pain after conization can be relieved by using painkillers as recommended by the doctor.
In order to suppress the possibility of infection, you will be given antibiotic therapy before the operation, and if necessary, it can be extended after the operation.
The use of vaginals is usually not necessary, and there are vaginals on the market that help faster healing of cervical surgical defects, which also have antibacterial effects. It is not advisable to use menstrual tampons after surgery.
In rare cases, even after twenty days, there may be more abundant vaginal bleeding. When the first symptoms appear, it is necessary to contact your gynecologist immediately.
Late risks of conization include narrowing of the cervical canal and cervical insufficiency.
Narrowing of the cervical canal can occur during wound healing after conization. If there is a weaker or complete obstruction of the cervical canal, it can prevent pregnancy or normal emptying of menstrual blood during the cycle.
The possibility of narrowing of the cervical canal after conization is very low, it occurs in less than 1% of cases.
The inability of the cervix to carry the pregnancy to term (cervical insufficiency) can be the cause of late miscarriage or premature birth, which can be treated with timely recognition.
Conization is a surgical procedure that often diagnoses the disease, but also solves the problem, i.e. It is most often a therapeutic procedure for precancerous changes in the cervix.
It is important to inform your gynecologist about the procedure in a timely manner and how this procedure affects the possibility of pregnancy and further monitoring. Complications of the procedure are very rare, as well as the need for reconization.
Our main goal at the LF Polyclinic is to improve the quality of life and health of our clients by providing them with a top-notch health service. That is why we have gathered a team of top experts, specialists and subspecialists who are the backbone of our multidisciplinary centers and specialist clinics.
The Gynecology Clinic of the Lohuis Filipović Polyclinic provides medical care using the most modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of women’s intimate health.
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The main goal of LF Polyclinic is to improve the quality of life and health of our clients by providing them with top-notch healthcare services.
